How to help your family get through cold season
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How to help your family get through cold season
Look on the bright side: "Nobody is going to die of a cold," said Dr. Carol Steltenkamp, an associate professor of pediatrics at Kentucky Children's Hospital and the University of Kentucky College of Medicine. "There are complications that can occur, but your average cold itself, you're going to get over it."
Hold on: Remember, it's normal for a cold to last around a week to two, she said.
Ask the pediatrician: The doctor may say it's OK to give older children, ages 2-6, a single-ingredient cold remedy, Steltenkamp said. But ask first, and don't give them drugs intended for adults.
Many cold medicines are combination antihistamine/decongestants that can cause blurred vision and dry mouth, Dr. Gamal Monem said. Be wary of those, and make sure the pediatrician knows all drugs the child is taking so dangerous interactions can be avoided.
Saline for stuffy noses: Saline nose drops can be used to thin mucus, the pediatricians said. Try a bulb syringe for suction.
Don't push for antibiotics: They don't fight the viruses that cause colds and flu, according to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Watch for red flags: If you think your child is suffering from more than a cold, call the pediatrician. Potential warning signs include fever, especially an oral temperature of 100 or above or a rectal temperature of 100.4; breathing difficulties, such as pain when breathing; discolored or bloody mucus; or illness that lasts more than 10-14 days, Dr. Gerald Sturgeon said. Sometimes, discolored mucus is normal with a cold, the CDC says. Fever is commonly treated with ibuprofen (Advil/Motrin) or acetaminophen (Tylenol), Monem said. Because of the risk of potentially deadly Reye's syndrome, don't give aspirin to kids, and be sure to tell your doctor right away if fever develops in the first couple of months of life.
Stress hand washing: "The best mitigating choices you can make are hand washing and hand washing and more hand washing, for sure," said Dr. Matt Zhan, medical director of the Louisville Metro Department of Public Health Wellness.
"Most of the virus passing around that happens is you cough on your hands, then you touch another person, then that person touches that virus to their mouth," or the virus is coughed directly onto someone.
Be especially vigilant about hand washing if you are sick or around a child who is sick, and keep the mouth covered when coughing.
Watch out for herbals: Some marketers of natural products are rushing to fill the cold-medicine gap. But scientific proof of effectiveness is often lacking and the products may not be pure, Sturgeon said. He suggests avoiding them to be safe.
Cold versus flu: Kids who have the flu are "going to be sick," Sturgeon said. Often, they have a fever and feel achy and tired. They also may have sore throat, runny nose, dry cough, headaches, vomiting and diarrhea.
"Most of those kids are probably going to need to be seen to see what's going on," he said.
Many pediatricians can do a flu test, involving a nasal swab, that can even distinguish the type of flu a person has, Sturgeon said. Also, he said, be on the lookout for complications of the flu, such as pneumonia and sinus infections.
Flu shot or nasal spray: The CDC recommends that all children 6 months to 59 months get vaccinated against the flu. "Getting flu vaccinated is absolutely an important thing to do," and "for kids who have underlying medical problems, lung problems or otherwise, it's particularly so," Zhan said.
Some health-care providers offer FluMist, a federally approved nasal spray as an alternative to the traditional shot. Sturgeon said he's given it to youngsters in his own family and finds "it's much easier as far as talking the kid into it."
Pediatric use of FluMist used to be aimed at those 5 and older, but a CDC advisory committee voted late last month to lower the recommended age to 2. Children must be healthy and have no history of asthma or wheezing to receive the nasal-spray vaccination.
School attendance: Keep kids home from school if they're really sick, especially if they have a temperature or diarrhea, Zahn said.
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Related: How to help your family get through cold season
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